Tradition and Wine from the Old World

The historical legacy and quality of its products continue to attract wine lovers around the world.

BODEGA MATRIARCADO

Abigail Heraud

10/11/20242 min read

Old World wines, which encompass the wine regions of Europe, are a testament to the rich history and tradition of winemaking that dates back thousands of years. In this article, we will explore the distinctive characteristics of these wines, the impact of terroir and grape varieties, as well as some of the challenges they may present in comparison to their New World counterparts.

What are Old World Wines?

The term ‘Old World’ refers to wines produced in Europe, where viticulture has roots dating back to the Roman Empire. This long history has allowed the development of production techniques that emphasise tradition and respect for the terroir, i.e. the set of environmental factors that affect wine production, such as climate, soil and topography.

Grape Varieties and Terroir

In the Old World, the grape varieties used are predominantly indigenous, adapted to the specific conditions of each region. For example, in Bordeaux, varieties such as Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot and Cabernet Franc are mainly used, while in the Burgundy region, Pinot Noir and Chardonnay are prominent. This selection of varieties is based on centuries of experience and knowledge of the terroir, allowing winemakers to maximise the expression of terroir in their wines.

Old World wines tend to have more subtle and elegant characteristics. They tend to be less fruity, with an aromatic profile that includes earthy, herbaceous and floral notes. They also have a lower alcohol content (generally below 14%) and higher acidity, which gives them a noticeable freshness.

Winemaking Methods

Old World winemaking methods focus on tradition. Winemaking is done with a focus on terroir quality, where the process is adapted to the characteristics of the grape and the environment.

This contrasts with the New World, where technology and innovation play a more important role in wine production.

Old World producers often follow strict appellation regulations, which ensure that wines meet certain standards of quality and authenticity. This approach may limit experimentation, but it also ensures that the character of the wine reflects its region of origin.

Challenges of Old World Wines

Despite their many virtues, Old World wines have some disadvantages:

1. Strict Regulations: Appellation of origin rules can restrict creativity and innovation in wine production, limiting experimentation with new techniques or grape varieties.

2. Reduced Accessibility: Some of the most prestigious Old World wines can be expensive and difficult to find, which can limit their accessibility to consumers.

3. Flavour Style: Old World wines may not be to everyone's taste, especially for those who prefer the fruitier, more powerful wines typical of the New World. The subtlety and elegance of these wines may be less appealing to some palates.

4. Climate Change: Old World wine regions are seeing changes in their climates, which may affect future wine production and quality. Higher temperatures can alter the balance between acidity and alcohol, affecting the flavour profile of wines.

Old World wines are a reflection of Europe's rich winemaking tradition, characterised by their focus on terroir and indigenous variety. Although they have disadvantages in terms of accessibility and flexibility, their historical legacy and the quality of their products continue to attract wine lovers around the world. Learning more about these wines not only enriches our tasting experience, but also connects us to the history and culture of the regions that produce them.